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Thyroid Disorders

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Thyroid Disorders

The thyroid is a small gland in the neck that controls metabolism by producing hormones. Thyroid disorders occur when the gland makes too much hormone (hyperthyroidism), too little (hypothyroidism), or develops nodules or inflammation. These conditions can affect energy, weight, heart rate, mood, and many other body systems. With accurate diagnosis and individualized care, most thyroid problems are manageable.

Symptoms & Causes

Common Symptoms

  • Unexplained weight gain or loss
  • Feeling cold or hot more than usual
  • Fatigue, sluggishness, or nervousness
  • Changes in heart rate (fast or slow)
  • Hair thinning, dry skin, or brittle nails
  • Hoarseness, swollen neck (goitre), or nodules

Common Causes

  • Autoimmune diseases (e.g., Hashimoto’s, Graves’)
  • Iodine deficiency or excess
  • Thyroid surgery or radiation exposure
  • Certain medications and pituitary disorders
  • Genetic predisposition or family history

Treatments

Treatment depends on the specific thyroid condition and may include:

  • Thyroid hormone replacement for hypothyroidism
  • Antithyroid medications for hyperthyroidism
  • Radioactive iodine therapy when indicated
  • Surgery (thyroidectomy) for large goitre or suspicious nodules
  • Symptom control (beta-blockers for palpitations, etc.)
  • Regular blood tests (TSH, free T4/T3) and ultrasound monitoring

Dr. Rane offers personalised thyroid care — accurate diagnosis, tailored medication or procedural options, and ongoing follow-up to keep hormone levels stable and symptoms controlled.

Prevention & Self-Care

  • Have routine thyroid screening if you have symptoms or family history
  • Maintain a balanced diet; ensure adequate (but not excessive) iodine
  • Avoid self-medicating with thyroid hormones or supplements
  • Report new symptoms (neck swelling, weight changes, palpitations) early
  • Keep regular follow-up and blood tests if on thyroid treatment